Zone defense is a defensive strategy in which each defender covers a specified area with the objective of limiting scoring opportunities near the basket.
This type of basketball defense could be a good strategy to implement against teams that have a strong inside game and/or poor outside shooting.
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Additionally, there are certain hybrid defenses such as junk defense or match-up zone defense which combine elements of man to man defense alongside zone defense.
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The section below gives a brief overview of the various types of zone defense.
Amoeba
The amoeba defense combines elements of man to man defense and zone defense to limit scoring opportunities and possibly create turnovers.
The two top defenders (typically indicated by X1 and X2) cover the top of the key and high posts.
Two additional defenders (typically indicated by X3 and X4) cover the wings and sometimes tag/front the ball-side low post.
The bottom defender (typically denoted by X5) protects the basket and also covers the corners when necessary.
Defensive pressure is applied to the ball handler located at the top of the key, near the wings, or within the corners.
Also, executing trap defense near the wings or corners can be another effective method for generating turnovers.
Additionally, the amoeba defense is best utilized against teams that have above average ball handling or low post offense but lack good perimeter shooting.
1-1-3 Zone
The 1-1-3 zone defense covers three main areas which are the top of the key, the high post, and the low post areas including the basket.
This type of zone can be beneficial against team that have both good guards and good post players.
Two defenders will usually cover all of the areas above the free throw line such as the top of the key, high posts, and the wings.
Additionally, two or three defenders will typically focus on covering the areas below the free throw line such as the low post and corners.
1-2-2 Zone
The 1-2-2 zone defense features three perimeter players at the top of the zone and two post players close to the bottom of the zone.
For this zone, the middle defender applies instant defensive pressure to the ball handler at the top of the key.
In addition, the wing defenders can either cover the high post areas or extend the zone out to deny ball entry to the wing players.
The post defenders focus on guarding the low post blocks and those post defenders should have enough foot speed to close out on potential three point shooters in the corners.
1-3-1 Zone
The 1-3-1 zone defense consists of a top defender known as a chaser, two wing defenders, a middle defender (also known as a center) and finally, a bottom defender known as a warrior or tail.
The main objective of this type of zone is to put defensive pressure on the perimeter players located at the top of the key, wing areas, and corner areas.
Also, zone defenders will focus on trapping corners if necessary, attempt to deny an entry pass into either the high post or low post, and try to deflect or intercept any skip passes made by the offense.
2-1-2 Zone
The 2-1-2 zone defense focuses on protecting the middle of the paint near the basket.
This zone can also be used against bad shooting teams and it is also good against teams that like to run a high post offense because the high post areas are always guarded by a middle defender.
It features two wing defenders, two post defenders, and a middle defender.
2-3 Zone
The 2-3 zone defense consists of two defenders that are located near the high post areas and two more defenders positioned near the low slot areas right outside of the lane lines.
In addition, a middle defender is positioned in the middle of the lane in front of the basket parallel to the mid-line.
3-2 Zone
The 3-2 zone defense features three perimeter players at the top of the zone and two post players near the bottom of the zone.
This is a good zone to use to put pressure on the wings via ball denial.
Additionally, there is a variation where the middle defender can be used to guard the top of the key, the high posts, or the low posts.
4-1 Zone
The 4-1 zone defense is a special type of zone that is setup with four defenders across the high post and wing areas with one additional defender that protects the basket.
The primary goal of the 4-1 zone defense is to influence the offense to pass the basketball to the corners where the defense is able to set traps and generate turnovers.
If a turnover is not able to be created from the traps, then the secondary goal is to influence the trapped player to pass to another teammate located on the perimeter; preferably at the top of the key or opposite wing.
Defense Zone Cheats
Additionally, the 4-1 zone defense can be beneficial against teams that do not shoot well from the perimeter and/or teams that only have one low post player with average to above average skills.
Junk Defense
Defense Zone Pc
Junk defense is a special type of defense that uses zone defensive principles alongside man to man principles.
The junk defense example in the adjacent diagram is known as a Box and one defense.
Defense Zone Game
It features one perimeter defender guarding the offensive team’s best player and four zone defenders.
The perimeter defender will play a man to man type of defense and stick with the designated offensive player at all times instead of covering a specific area like the other players.
The zone defenders will initially line up in a box where two defenders will be located on the high post elbows and the other two defenders in the form of a box.
Related
As we mentioned previously, you rarely if ever see nine defenders in coverage because with only two pass rushers, the opposing quarterback will have all day to throw. Even with excellent coverage down field, if given so much time to get open, it’s only a matter of time before the quarterback can find an opening and complete a pass to a receiver. Because of this, most teams typically rush with four defenders and drop seven back into coverage in their base defense.
Of course there’s tons of different situations where a defense may want to send more or less than 4 defenders to rush the quarterback. For instance, if a team wants to blitz to force the quarterback to throw quickly, it’s common to rush with 5 or 6 players leaving fewer players in coverage. For the purposes of this article we’re going to cover the most common types of zone coverage with 4 pass rushers and 7 zonal defenders.
2 3 Zone Basketball Defense
The two most common types of zone coverages used are cover 3 and cover 2. Most coaches will call both types of coverages to mix things up, keep the opposing team off balanced, and also both coverages have their strengths and weaknesses so one may be more preferable than the other depending on the situation.